Abstract:
The pistachio belongs to the Anacardiacea family, the genus Pistacia and from the
species of Vera. The pistachio cultivation is considered one of the most important in
Greece. The pistachio grows in areas with long, hot and dry summer and mild winters
as its requirements about 100 hours, in cooling units, at a temperature less than 7
points of Celsius.
The purpose of this thesis was to study the biochemical changes that occur during
the interruption of dormancy via observation of measurements from the experiment,
with or without the application of substances that promote quitting dormancy. Adult
pistachio trees were used , of the Pontikis variety . In these trees ,an exogenous
application was carried out with spray of chemical formulations. These chemical
formulations consist of the ‹‹Dormex›› (hydrogenouscyanamide) which acts mainly to
interrupt the rest period in winter (dormant bud) , and the mixture of the formulations
‹‹Erger›› (6 l/hl) and ‹‹Activ Erger›› (8l/hl) that promote quitting of that dormancy.
Dormex caused interruption of dormancy 20 days after spraying whereas Erger
caused interruption of dormancy 40 days after spraying, while the unsprayed witness
buds showed signs of dormancy interruption 52 days after spraying.
From the results of this research it appears that the concentration of total phenolics ,
flavonoids and flavanols fluctuates during dormancy whereas their concentration
decreases after the discontinuation of dormancy. On the other hand, the concentration
of orthodifainolon and antioxidant capacity fluctuate during of dormancy whereas
their concentration increases after the discontinuation of dormancy. As for the
polyamines , free and bound soluble, insoluble and total bound fluctuate during
dormancy whereas their concentration decreases after discontinuation of dormancy
